Consumer Attitudes and Purchase Intentions in Relation to...

Research Proposal Consumer Attitudes and Purchase Intentions in Relation to Organic Foods in Peninsula Malaysia Abstract The aim of this study is to find out the three (3) significant variables forming the positive attitude towards the buying the organic food in Peninsula Malaysia, which eventually lead to the ultimate intention in buying the organically-produced food. The different variables are focused on demographic characteristics on household income, product attributes and lastly the perceived value to the customers. This study shows that the household income is seemingly appeared to be an important predictor among the targeted segmentation in consuming organic food. Organic food attributes such as pricing, availability and†¦show more content†¦According to Robinson R. and Smith C. (2002), the demographic of consumers consist of various characteristics namely the gender, age, household income and education level. Each element has been contributed in forming the valued attitudes towards buying the organic products. Hence, the demographic characteristics, especially on household income is seemingly significant and being the focus in this research. This will eventually lead to the desired intention in buying such products for daily consumption. Level of Household Income Whilst referring to the studies done in the US, it is seemingly apparent that the demographic variables which herby refer as the income distribution, is significant predictors (Bartels Reinders, 2009). The research on this particular subject has proven that income positively influenced buying behaviour which in turn may cause the perceived buying behaviour towards the organic food. A same result has shown in Germany as well (Bartels Reinders, 2009). In Germany, demographic variables such as household income distribution have played an important role in developing significant effect on organic buying behaviour. However, the overall inevitability of the demographic characteristics was relatively different, taking into consideration of research carried in various Western countries. These findingsShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding The Concepts Of Price, Quality And Value From The Consumer Perspective Essay1734 Words   |  7 Pagessimilar across consumers and products and how the consumer s relate quality, price, and value in their deliberations about products and services. The objective of this paper is to define the concepts of price , quality and value from the consumer’ perspective. To work on these objectives, a review of previous research was done by an exploratory investigation of quality and value in the product category of beverages (place). Company interviews, a focus group interview and 30 in-depth consumers interviewsRead MoreFood Consumption Of Organic Food Essay2044 Words   |  9 Pages Food consumption patterns are rapidly changing nowadays as a result of environmental issues, concern about the nutritional value of food and health issues. Issues such as quality and safety in food attract consumer interest in organic food that is free from pesticides and chemical residues. Although the concept of organic food seems to be well known to many consumers the proportion of consumers who purchase organic foods on a regular basis is low. To better protect consumers from harmful andRead MoreFactors Influencing The Organic Food Market6312 Words   |  26 PagesThe organic food market in the US has reached new heights, with retail sales in 2010 totaling $26.6 billion; this represents a significant increase from $6.1 billion just ten years earlier (Dimitri, 2012). Organic production includes food that is grown without pesticides, chemicals, growth hormones, or genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Consumers, once buying mainly organic fruits and vegetables, have recently indicated a strong interest in a wide range of organic products, such as milk, eggsRead MoreLiterature Reveiw About Ethics and Organic Food9160 Words   |  37 PagesBUSINESS - - LITERATURE REVIEW- Attitudes and motivations that influence the selection of organic food among consumers Adeline Marià © Supervisor : M. Bloom ETU 20030459 SUMMARY General Background 4 1 Market development and cultural factors. 5 1.1 Culture influences the food choice. 5 1.2 The level of development of the country market influences organic food choice 6 1.2.1 A cross- national study of Danish and New-Zealand organic consumers. 6 1.2.2 The moderators of consumptionRead More Consumer Analysis - The Food Market Essay3187 Words   |  13 PagesConsumer Analysis - The Food Market ABSTRACT Consumer analysis is a very complex matter. There is an increasing interest to study it for more intensively due to the political dimension of some food safety problems in the last decade. The concern on health and nutrition has stimulated the research on different attributes and comparative advantages of consumption habits and diets. However, under a practical point of view, we should focus our attention in a broad horizon, with a mixture of nutritionRead MoreThe Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Consumer Behaviour: Does Csr Affect Consumer Decision Making and Buying Behaviour Within the Uk Supermarket Industry12140 Words   |  49 Pagesresearch within the supermarket industry in investigating how aware and concerned consumers are of CSR practices, and how CSR activities affect consumer behaviour and their ethical decision making. Method: This study used a quantitative research approach with a semi-structured questionnaire via convenience sampling method. Results: The results showed that participants believed themselves to be ethical consumers. However in testing their knowledge of supermarkets CSR activities and ethical definitionsRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility And Csr8791 Words   |  36 Pagesstudies. The study incorporates the C-C identification, trust, satisfaction as mediator between CSR and customers’ purchase intention, expanding previous studies by combining the social identity perspective with social exchange theory. A model was constructed based on the current studies in the fields of CSR, trust, satisfaction, C-C identification and customer’s purchase intention. A survey questionnaire was used to measure customer’s perception of Monmilk, one of the most famous dairy manufacturersRead MoreEthics in Retail Industry5435 Words   |  22 Pagescertain organization can be accessed from the cases studies on these retail industries. The influential factors can be identified from the common trends in these approaches and a conclusive story through customer perceptions can be drawn by direct consumer contact and personal interviews. -Ratul Kumar Sarkar Post Graduate Diploma in Computer aided Management 2012-14 Indian Institute of Management Calcutta Mob: 9609300106 sanjana_tta@iimcal.ac.in To: Ratul Kumar Sarkar 3 January 2013 13:54 1 ofRead MoreEssay on Marketing Strategy for Marks and Spencer Food13771 Words   |  56 PagesI will analyse to create marketing strategy on Marks and Spencer food mainly Indian ranges, and look at other such as Italian range, Eastern cuisine range, and British regional food ranges and. The Indian range would be ready to eat/cook food. I will be creating marketing strategies on Marks and Spencer’s food as to meet the customer needs and to analyse in ways I could meet the strategies successfully. The ready to cook food would be invented for the simplicity to people and to break into Read MoreFashion Supply Chains Are Buyer Driven and Characterised by Tiered Production Networks Involving Countries That Offer a Combination of Low Labour Costs, Relevant Skills and Production Capacity. During the Past 20 Years,7846 Words   |  32 Pagespromotional mix, this is made up of the marketing tools such as; – ADVERTISING This helps to inform, remind, persuade, and change attitudes of the consumers. It can also reposition a brand and help to differentiate a product from the rivalling competitors. This is done through T.V., radio, newspapers, magazines, billboards, internet, tele-text, pint-of-purchase, packaging, exhibitions and cinemas. SALES PROMOTIONS This seeks to offer buyers additional value to the product or service on induction

The Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne - 1560 Words

Sin and innocence both are found evident in life, with one marking the dark transgression imprinted upon every aching being and the other embellishing the pure, lighter essence every creature has at birth. The two are sharp contrasts that may seem incapable of holding together a single complex being, yet are found in all humans and generally constitute the basis of morals and human nature. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter beautifully weaves a tale of blind revenge, unintentional hypocrisy, and mortal transgressions, presenting the characters’ penitence from said transgressions in the form of a constantly changing Hester Prynne who must face the retribution of her affair with a tormented minister. Through the development of the characters Chillingworth, Dimmesdale, and Hester, Hawthorne illustrates the naturally wicked and flawed, however benevolent and atoning dual nature within man. Throughout the novel, humanity’s imperfect and sinful demeanor is highly prevalent and consistently represented through the actions of Hester, Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth. For example, Hester Prynne is quite notorious in the Massachusetts Bay Colony for being the town’s infamy, and though her status improves gradually over the course of the novel, she is primarily known by the settlement for being their embodiment of a beacon of sin. Accusing Hester of openly mocking and â€Å"making a pride out of what they [godly magistrates] meant for a punishment,† (51), she rarely removes theShow MoreRelatedThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1242 Words   |  5 PagesLYS PAUL Modern Literature Ms. Gordon The Scarlet Letter The scarlet letter is book written by Nathaniel Hawthorne who is known as one the most studied writers because of his use of allegory and symbolism. He was born on July 4, 1804 in the family of Nathaniel, his father, and Elizabeth Clark Hathorne his mother. Nathaniel added â€Å"W† to his name to distance himself from the side of the family. His father Nathaniel, was a sea captain, and died in 1808 with a yellow fever while at sea. That was aRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne960 Words   |  4 Pages3H 13 August 2014 The novel, The Scarlet Letter, was written by the author Nathaniel Hawthorne and was published in 1850 (1). It is a story about the Puritan settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, set around 1650 (2). The story is written in the third person with the narrator being the author. The common thread that runs through this novel is Hawthorne’s apparent understanding of the beliefs and culture of the Puritans in America at that time. But Hawthorne is writing about events in a societyRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne919 Words   |  4 Pagessymbolism in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†. Symbolism is when an object is used in place of a different object. Nathaniel Hawthorne is one of the most symbolic writers in all of American history. In â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the letter â€Å"A† is used to symbolize a variety of different concepts. The three major symbolistic ideas that the letter â€Å"A† represents in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† are; shame, guilt, and ability. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, the firstRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1397 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 2016 The Scarlet Letter was written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1850 which is based on the time frame of the Puritans, a religious group who arrived in Massachusetts in the 1630’s. The Puritans were in a religious period that was known for the strict social norms in which lead to the intolerance of different lifestyles. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the puritan’s strict lifestyles to relate to the universal issues among us. The time frame of the puritans resulted in Hawthorne eventually thinkingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne1037 Words   |  5 Pagesthat human nature knows right from wrong, but is naturally evil and that no man is entirely â€Å"good†. Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of the classic novel The Scarlet Letter, believes that every man is innately good and Hawthorne shows that everyone has a natural good side by Hester’s complex character, Chillingworth’s actions and Dimmesdale’s selfless personality. At the beginning of the Scarlet Letter Hester Prynne is labeled as the â€Å"bad guy†. The townspeople demand the other adulterer’s name, butRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1517 Words   |  7 PagesNathaniel Hawthorne composes Pearl as a powerful character even though she is not the main one. Her actions not only represent what she is as a person, but what other characters are and what their actions are. Hawthorne makes Pearl the character that helps readers understand what the other characters are. She fits perfectly into every scene she is mentioned in because of the way her identity and personality is. Pearl grows throughout the book, which in the end, help the readers better understandRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne999 Words   |  4 Pages Nathaniel Hawthorne is the author of the prodigious book entitled The Scarlet Letter. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester Prynne commits adultery with Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Her husband, R oger Chillingworth, soon finds out about the incident after it becomes clear that she is pregnant. The whole town finds out and Hester is tried and punished. Meanwhile, Roger Chillingworth goes out then on a mission to get revenge by becoming a doctor and misprescribing Dimmesdale. He does this to torture DimmesdaleRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne1488 Words   |  6 Pages In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter, the main character, Hester Prynne, is a true contemporary of the modern era, being cast into 17th century Puritan Boston, Massachusetts. The Scarlet Letter is a revolutionary novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne examining the ugliness, complexity, and strength of the human spirit and character that shares new ideas about independence and the struggles women faced in 17th century America. Throughout the novel, Hester’s refusal to remove the scarlet letterRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1319 Words   |  6 PagesPrynne and Arthur Dimmesdale are subject to this very notion in Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter. Hester simply accepted that what she had done was wrong, whereas Dimmesdale, being a man of high regard, did not want to accept the reality of what he did. Similar to Hester and Dimmesdale, Roger Chillingworth allows his emotions to influence his life; however, his influence came as the result of hi s anger. Throughout the book, Hawthorne documents how Dimmesdale and Hester s different ways of dealingRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1714 Words   |  7 PagesSome two hundred years following the course of events in the infamous and rigid Puritan Massachusetts Colony in the 1600s, Nathaniel Hawthorne, descendant of a Puritan magistrate, in the 19th century, published The Scarlet Letter. Wherein such work, Hawthorne offered a social critique against 17th Massachusetts through the use of complex and dynamic characters and literary Romanticism to shed light on said society’s inherent contradiction to natural order and natural law. In his conclusive statements

Analyzing Supply of Demand Simulation Free Essays

Analyzing Supply of Demand Simulation ECO/365 January 31, 2010 Analyzing Supply of Demand Simulation Supply and demand is a significant element of business procedures thus this paper will evaluate how supply and demand affects a business via a simulation provided by the University of Phoenix. In this paper, I will talk about the reasons for changes that occur in supply and demand. I will talk about how shifts in supply and demand influence the organization’s decision making process as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Analyzing Supply of Demand Simulation or any similar topic only for you Order Now I will also cover the four key points established within the reading assignments and how they relay to the simulation and how every theory can be related to situations in a workplace environment. This paper will establish how price elasticity of demand influences the decisions of the consumer and the organization. Changes in Supply and Demand There are quite a few factors that influence supply and demand in the simulation. These factors demand for the apartments, the availability of the apartments, the price of the apartments, the quantity of people or renters who are interested. According to the simulation, a demand curve is downward sloping. During the simulation, as the price of the apartments decreased, demand for them increased. The supply curve, however, is sloping upwards. The number of two-bedroom apartments increased as the price increased. An excess in the industry for the apartments make use of downward demands on the price for the apartments. So therefore in order for GoodLife to attract renters, they would need to lower their prices. Shifts that Affect Decision Making The different shifts in supply and demand affects decision making in several ways in regard to the simulation. In the simulation the changes that GoodLife were trying to make as well as the changes in the population of Atlantis had an effect on the supply and demand of the simulation. Since the renters changed their preferences, the demand for the apartments that GoodLife offered decreased. GoodLife then decided to renovate the apartments and make them into condominiums that they could for sell. By doing this, GoodLife caused a decrease in the supply as well as a decrease in the demand. Given that, the supply and demand curve equally moved to the left. Four Key Points Four key points in the simulation were supply and demand, equilibrium, shifts in the supply and demand, and price ceilings. The simulation is based on supply and demand and is very helpful in understanding the different factors that can affect it. According to the simulation, a demand curve is downward sloping. According to our text, a demand curve illustrates how a â€Å"change in the price level will change aggregate expenditures on all goods and services in an economy† (Colander, 2010). In reference to the simulation, as the price for the apartments decreased, demand increased. The supply curve, on the other hand, is upward sloping. The number of two-bedroom apartments increased as the price increased. Equilibrium is a concept in which opposing dynamic forces cancel each other out. In other words, equilibrium can be described as the position at which quantity demanded meet up with the supply that is presented. The quantity demanded will surpass the quantity supplied which can possibly lead to shortages, if prices are below the equilibrium point. At this point, the prices have a tendency to rise in order to increase the supply until the equilibrium is met. A shift in the demand curve can occur because of a change in the income, a change in the price or a change in tastes. A shift in the supply curve can because of change in the costs of production, a change in technology, or a change in price of goods. A price ceiling takes place when the government places a legal limit on how high the price of a product can be. In order for a price ceiling to be successful, it must be put below the market equilibrium. Applying Simulation to Workplace The impact of supply and demand changes can have a big influence over the software industry. The technology involved in the software industry never really stays at the same level because technologies constantly change. However, if you were to take a closer look at things, computers and software evolve about every six months to a year and half; hence the reason technology is the constant factor that prompts change in the software industry. Elasticity of Demand Price elasticity of demand refers to the way prices change in correlation to the demand. People with lower incomes are inclined to have lower price elasticity because they have less money to spend. People with a higher income are inclined to have higher price elasticity since he can afford to spend more money. In both cases, â€Å"ability to pay is negotiated by the intrinsic value of what is being sold. If the thing being sold is in high demand, even a consumer with low price elasticity is usually willing to pay higher prices† (WiseGeek,  2010). Basically, goods or services presented at a lower price lead to a demand for greater quantity. Price elasticity of demand also explains that price becomes more elastic, because consumers can always choose to buy a good or service that is cheaper, in this case, prices will change with demand. In addition to this, completion for a certain good or service can also affect price elasticity of demand because it keeps prices lower. In summary, according to the simulation process, the demand curve is sloping downward, which causes the quantity demand to increase as the price decreases. The suggestion was for the management company to decrease its rental rates, which would therefore increase the demands for apartments. The supply curve is sloping upward, so therefore the quantity supplied increases as the price decreases. As stated, the quantity demanded balances out the quantity supplied at the equilibrium point. Nevertheless, when prices are below equilibrium, the quantity demanded surpasses the quantity supplied. In retrospect, when prices are above equilibrium, quantity supplied exceeds the quantity demanded, which cause an excess. References 1) WiseGeek. (2010). What is Price Elasticity of Demand?. Retrieved from http://www. wisegeek. com/what-is-price-elasticity-of-demand. htm How to cite Analyzing Supply of Demand Simulation, Papers

Toyota Recall free essay sample

They have concluded that a precision-cut steel reinforcement bar (Consumer FAQ, 2010) needs to be installed on the pedal for it to eliminate any unnecessary friction that is causing the pedals to stick. Toyota is ensuring that the installation of the steel reinforcement bar is a permanent fix and will eliminate the tension between the two surfaces and the pedals will no longer stick. Toyota has also done the following to reach their customers and take care of the recall issue: 1 . They have mailed letters to all owners of vehicles involved in the recall. The letter contains specific instructions on what to do to get their vehicles fixed. 2. Many Toyota dealerships have extended their service hours in order to meet the needs of the consumers. 3. Within those dealerships they are working to improve customer relations by expediting repairs, offering free car washes, oil changes and follow up maintenance service. 4. In order to support its dealerships Toyota has provided financial help to cover any additional costs related to the recalls. We will write a custom essay sample on Toyota Recall or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page All with the end consumer in mind. They want their customers to be able to resolve the issue as quickly and conveniently as possible. 5. Toyota has put together informational videos, campaigns and press releases describing the problem and advising their customers of the risks associated with the recall and advising them of quick a solution. 6. They are working closely with CTS on future manufacturing processes to avoid any additional problems. Overall, yes I think Toyota is handling the problem to the best of their ability and ssues and are guaranteeing that their simple fix to their poor design is a permanent fix. They are working with CTS to improve the design and future manufacturing practices for their parts. They are supporting their dealerships, doing what they can to keep the customers involved and informed of new findings. They are putting their customers first. I do think their efforts are limited; they can only fix so many cars at a time, I believe Toyota will be more selective on who they choose to manufacture their parts from now on. Like the old saying says you live you learn Toyota was focused n becoming the number one automaker in the world and once it obtained the title it may have forgotten why they became the number one automaker in the world, which was quality. In my opinion they are handling the problem with class and integrity. Once you fall all you can do is get up and keep walking and that is exactly what Toyota is doing. This recall only affected 8 of their Toyota models, not any others or other lines such as their Lexus brand or their scion.

Buy-Ology Truth and Lies About Why We Buy Essay Example

Buy-Ology: Truth and Lies About Why We Buy Essay Following an unprecedented three-year study, costing in the area of seven million dollars, which deals with the experimentation of a notion that our subconscious brains play a much larger role in determining what we purchase in life than otherwise believed, Martin Lindstrom has written this book to reveal his findings.To some, his findings may be startling as they tend to change the way we previously thought about marketing, product-placement, advertising and the like.   Among the topics he tackled were questions like..Does infusing sex-appeal into an ad really sell?, or Is it effective to make the product appear Cool in the ad?Lindstrom, who was born in Denmark in 1970 and resides in Sydney,Australia   is the chief   Branding-expert for a host of global corporations like Proctor Gamble, Nestle`, Microsoft, the Walt Disney corporation, and the McDonalds corporation, among many others.   According to the forward which was written by Paco Underhill, who is at once, an admirer and competitor, Mr. Lindstrom spends about 300 days per year on the road counselling his clients on how to best present their goods and/or services to their target markets.For the most part Lindstrom tells us that he had basically bought into the pre-existing notion that much of high-profile marketing amounted to trying to be in the right place at the right time with your product and hope that things break your way.   That luck was the overriding factor in whether or not something was going to sell big and become a phenomenon, or just fizzle into obscurity.   Indeed, it seems that companies would build into their business-models an acceptable-losses ledger to take into account the fact that, though something seemed to be a good idea on the drawing board, it might not necessarily yield the results hoped for.Now though, Lindstrom was choosing to delve into a realm so strongly avoided in the industry..the blending of Science and Marketing.   He wondered what the possibilities mig ht be if somehow we could understand what was going-on inside our minds when we encountered a TV commercial, or just what it was that gave us a certain tingling sensation at the sight of a celebritys poster.   In otherwords, just how does the brain process these things?The basic outcome of his studies is a concept called Neuromarketing.   Though limited as a new science by the worlds still incomplete understanding of just exactly how the human brain works, it is assisted by the knowledge that science moves ever-closer to understanding  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  our unconscious mind.   In-turn, this book seeks to understand the many factors that impact our decisions to buy the things we buy.The author takes us through several case studies ranging from trials aimed at understanding the intricate nature of a smokers brain which brought together the different categories of smokers..the self-proclaimed social smokers, the two-pack per day addicts, all the way through to the absolute c hain-smokers who light-up a new cigarette using the flame of the current one still in their mouths.   Other case studies presented in the book deal with superstitions and rituals.   Just about every kind of product is covered, from peanut-butter to shave cream..from feminine hygiene products to General Motors.Each of these case studies are presented in separate chapters throughout the book in such a manner so as to become stories, complete with centralized characters and twists and subplots.   This technique helps the reader to navigate through some admittedly complicated medical and scientific jargon and be able to still hold onto the main theme of the piece.Lindstrom is very conscious too, of being topical and up-to-date with his references, even evoking the names of Britney Spears and her ex-husband, Kevin Federline..showing his hipness by refering to the latter as K-Fed (pg198) as he discussed a TV Ad campaign that Federline did for a fast-food chain.   The company had u sed one of Lindstroms clients, Nationwide Annuities, to hawk its wares and Lindstrom relates why the ad failed miserably.The book takes to task the traditional research methods like direct surveys of the public and asking them why they bought..or didnt buy.. a certain product.   His contention is that most of us cant really say I bought that Louis Vuitton bag because it appealed to my sense of vanity (pg199)   Rather, he suggests, our brain makes the decision and most of the time we arent even aware of it.Throughout the book the reader is presented with data-results that seem to show the significant role that our subconscious plays in making choices in the things that we eventually buy and how that subsequently impacts the way products are marketed to us, the purchasing public.Lindstrom began the book just prior to the global recession, so its difficult to know what impact, if any, the mental stress many people feel themselves suffering through in todays economy is having on mar keting these products.   Afterall, one cant buy if one hasnt anything to buy with.The book is 205 pages, with an additional 35 pages of Appendix, Acknowledgments and Index.   It is very topical and has a good amount of humor, but should not be thought of as bedtime material as it may tend to stimulate the thought processes a bit much when one might be looking for some solid rest.While a technical read to be sure, it does have a great flow to it that will appeal to the lay-person, as well as having an almost inside-information type feel to it.   Not sure who would go into the bookstore looking for such a topic though, other than maybe budding product inventors or people in that specific field of work.   For those types, it would seem that this book would be more of a beginning to a new way of approaching their work rather than a expose` on how exactly to win over their customers, which when one really thinks about it, it is a good thing for us, the consumers.   For when the day comes that the marketers can know what our brains tell us before we ourselves know, they will surely relieve us of more money for useless goods than we already shell-out.

Profile of Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding

Profile of Air Chief Marshal Sir Hugh Dowding Born April 24, 1882, at Moffat, Scotland, Hugh Dowding was the son of a schoolmaster. Attending St. Ninians Preparatory School as a boy, he continued his education at Winchester College at age 15. After two years of further schooling, Dowding elected to pursue a military career and began classes at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich in September 1899. Graduating the following year, he was commissioned as a subaltern and posted to the Royal Garrison Artillery. Sent to Gibraltar, he subsequently saw service in Ceylon and Hong Kong. In 1904, Dowding was assigned to the No. 7 Mountain Artillery Battery in India. Learning to Fly Returning to Britain, he was accepted for the Royal Staff College and began classes in January 1912. In his spare time, he quickly became fascinated by flying and aircraft. Visiting the Aero Club at Brooklands, he was able to convince them to give him flying lessons on credit. A quick learner, he soon received his flying certificate. With this in hand, he applied to the Royal Flying Corps to become a pilot. The request was approved and he joined the RFC in December 1913. With the outbreak of ​World War I in August 1914, Dowding saw service with Nos. 6 and 9 Squadrons. Dowding in World War I Seeing service at the front, Dowding showed a deep interest in wireless telegraphy which led him to return to Britain in April 1915 to form the Wireless Experimental Establishment at Brooklands. That summer, he was given command of No. 16 Squadron and returned to the fighting until posted to the 7th Wing at Farnborough in early 1916. In July, he was assigned to lead 9th (Headquarters) Wing in France. Taking part in the Battle of the Somme, Dowding clashed with the commander of the RFC, Major General Hugh Trenchard, over the need to rest pilots at the front. This dispute soured their relationship and saw Dowding reassigned to the Southern Training Brigade. Though promoted to brigadier general in 1917, his conflict with Trenchard ensured that he did not return to France. Instead, Dowding moved through various administrative posts for the remainder of the war. In 1918, he moved to the newly created Royal Air Force and in the years after the war led No. 16 and No. 1 Groups. Moving into staff assignments, he was sent to the Middle East in 1924 as the chief staff officer for the RAF Iraq Command. Promoted to air vice marshal in 1929, he joined the Air Council a year later. Building the Defenses On the Air Council, Dowding served as Air Member for Supply and Research and later Air Member for Research and Development (1935). In these positions, he proved instrumental in modernizing Britains aerial defenses. Encouraging the design of advanced fighter aircraft, he also supported the development of new Radio Direction Finding equipment. His efforts ultimately led to the design and production of the Hawker Hurricane and Supermarine Spitfire. Having been promoted to air marshal in 1933, Dowding was selected to lead the newly formed Fighter Command in 1936. Though overlooked for the position of Chief of the Air Staff in 1937, Dowding worked tirelessly to improve his command. Promoted to air chief marshal in 1937, Dowding developed the Dowding System which integrated several air defense components into one apparatus. This saw the uniting of radar, ground observers, raid plotting, and radio control of aircraft. These disparate components were tied together through a protected telephone network that was administered through his headquarters at RAF Bentley Priory. In addition, to better control his aircraft, he divided the command into four groups to cover all of Britain. These consisted of Air Vice Marshal Sir Quintin Brands 10 Group (Wales and the West Country), Air Vice Marshal Keith Parks 11 Group (Southeastern England), Air Vice Marshal Trafford Leigh-Mallorys 12 Group (Midland East Anglia), and Air Vice Marshal Richard Sauls 13 Group (Northern England, Scotland, Northern Ireland). Though scheduled to retire in June 1939, Dowding was asked to remain in his post until March 1940 due to the deteriorating international situation. His retirement was subsequently postponed until July and then October. As a result, Dowding remained at Fighter Command as World War II began. The Battle of Britain With the outbreak of World War II, Dowding worked with Chief of the Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Sir Cyril Newall to ensure that Britains defenses were not weakened in order to support campaigns on the Continent. Stunned by RAF fighter losses during the Battle of France, Dowding warned the War Cabinet of the dire consequences should it continue. With defeat on the Continent, Dowding worked closely with Park to ensure that air superiority was maintained during the Dunkirk Evacuation. As the German invasion loomed, Dowding, known as Stuffy to his men, was viewed as a steady but distant leader. As the Battle of Britain began in the summer of 1940, Dowding worked to ensure adequate aircraft and resources were available to his men. The brunt of the fighting was carried by Parks 11 Group and by Leigh-Mallorys 12 Group. Though badly stretched during the course of the fighting, Dowdings integrated system proved effective and at no point did he commit more than fifty percent of his aircraft to the battle zone. During the course of the fighting, a debate emerged between Park and Leigh-Mallory regarding tactics. While Park favored intercepting raids with individual squadrons and subjecting them to continued attack, Leigh-Mallory advocated for massed attacks by Big Wings consisting of at least three squadrons. The thought behind the Big Wing was that a larger number of fighters would increase enemy losses while minimizing RAF casualties. Opponents pointed out that it took longer for Big Wings to form and increased the danger of fighters being caught on the ground refueling. Dowding proved unable to resolve the differences between his commanders, as he preferred Parks methods while the Air Ministry favored the Big Wing approach. Dowding was also criticized during the battle by Vice Marshal William Sholto Douglas, Assistant Chief of Air Staff, and Leigh-Mallory for being too cautious. Both men felt that Fighter Command should be intercepting raids before they reached Britain. Dowding dismissed this approach as he believed it would increase losses in aircrew. By fighting over Britain, downed RAF pilots could be quickly returned to their squadrons rather than lost at sea. Though Dowdings approach and tactics proved correct for achieving victory, he was increasingly seen as uncooperative and difficult by his superiors. With the replacement of Newell with Air Chief Marshal Charles Portal, and with an aged Trenchard lobbying behind the scenes, Dowding was removed from Fighter Command in November 1940, shortly after winning the battle. Later Career Awarded the Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath for his role in the battle, Dowding was effectively sidelined for the rest of his career due to his outspoken and forthright manner. After conducting an aircraft purchasing mission to the United States, he returned to Britain and conducted an economic study on RAF manpower before retiring in July 1942. In 1943, he was created First Baron Dowding of Bentley Priory for his service to the nation. In his later years, he became actively engaged in spiritualism and increasingly bitter regarding his treatment by the RAF. Largely living away from the service, he did serve as the president of the Battle of Britain Fighter Association. Dowding died at Tunbridge Wells on February 15, 1970, and was buried at Westminster Abbey. Sources Royal Air Force Museum: Hugh DowdingWorld War II Database: Hugh DowdingRAFWeb: Hugh Dowding

Outline of Financial Fraud by Bernie Madoff Essay

Outline of Financial Fraud by Bernie Madoff - Essay Example The fraud crime committed by Bernie Madoff remains the biggest fraud crime ever committed by anyone. It was beyond anybody’s imagination that a single person could trick so many intelligent and smart investors. Mr Madoff’s Ponzi scheme involved fraud of $65 billion, making a huge impact on the areas of the financial services industry. This was an example of a Ponzi scheme. A Ponzi scheme refers to the idea of using the new money to pay off old investors (Brigham & Ehrhardt 2013, p.265). Even though Mr Madoff was later on arrested in 2008 and is currently serving his 150-year imprisonment sentence, investors are still afraid of a recurrence of such a fraudulent scheme. Questions without answers continue streaming onto how even his close family members like his wife and two sons were unable to detect his fraudulent means. Madoff claimed that he carried out the fraud by himself, but there was a total of five others who had pleaded guilty to criminal charges by December 201 1 (Giles 2012, p.10). The Ponzi scheme like the one by Bernie Madoff was perpetrated based on the theory of rational expectations, mainly built on trust. His massive investment fraud was as a result of the trust investors had on him, built on his success in the Wall Street. It is common for general to rely on the judgements of others when making their investment decisions. Madoff would, for instance, use the word of mouth to popularise his investment ventures. For years, he had been a well-respected figure in the investment community. The success of his fraud could, therefore, be attributed to trust many people had on him. He used the many people who trusted him, so as to gain the trust of others. A small amount of initial trust grew into a large amount of trust, even though most of the trust was based on the little first-hand information. Instead of scrutinizing the primary source materials behind his venture, the investors tended to rely on the identities and the reputations of those who already trusted Madoff.     

Long day's journey into night Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Long day's journey into night - Research Paper Example O’Neill brings out the role of men and women in the society at that time and the difference between the father and his sons. The issue of gender and especially feminism is focused in the play through the life of Mary, who also happens to be the structural center of the play. A deeper analysis reveals that Eugene portrays Mary in a manner that she has many troubles and has many weaknesses evidenced by the use of morphine. She is being seen as irresponsible mother who cannot quite the addition. In addition, it is evident at times when James and Jamie talk alone and on the arrival of Mary, they shut up. The evidence concerning the fact that they are to be the only persons is from the fact that she is the one who can handle issues since they believe as seen in the statement, â€Å"Ive always believed Jamie did it on purpose. He was jealous of the baby. He hated him.† (2.2.103) (Eugen and Neill 103). James showed man character when he told Mary to forget the past. This is demonstrated by how strong he is and could forget the past. In addition, James Tyrone characters confirm feminism through his appearance and personality. It is evident that the story evolves around him as the head of the family but later we see the role of the woman becomes necessary when it comes to reliance and love. On the other hand, O’Neill uses Mary to show the â€Å"struggles that women go through in their daily lives† (Porter 80). Mary is described as a beautiful woman who takes up her role as a mother despite the addiction and other challenges that she has to overcome. For that reason, Mary started using morphine and got addicted to it after she had difficulty and was not treated well at the birth of her youngest son Edmond. Mary is also depicted as a tragic woman who is different from what she used to be in the past. She was innocent, beautiful and used to have dreams of becoming a Catholic nun a pianist. She also had strong religious faith in God.

Quality Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quality Model - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that for a business to succeed, it is necessary to have strategies to ensure optimal productivity to meet customers’ needs and attain company objectives. Quality management entails customer satisfaction, improving management, involvement of employees and reaching company goals. Total quality management involves every facet of a business together with sections like research marketing, and development, sales and human resources. The basic tenets of total quality management range from satisfying the customer, satisfying the supplier, and consistent improvement of the business. This essay explains the primary elements of the three spheres of quality model. It further describes the organizational activities that fall within each of these spheres. The first element of the three spheres of quality model is total quality management. According to Nguyen and Derstine, this is a crucial factor for businesses to prosper both internally and exter nally. Internal success in the company takes into account state of products and services to meet customer expectations. The organization also needs employees to be fully productive through keeping workers content. In terms of external success, company profitability can lead to market success. Companies that trade publicly and have higher standard of total quality management are more likely to succeed and end up having more profitable market shares. Traditional accounting systems have for a long time failed to consider measures.

Understanding The Castles Of Illinois Cultural Studies Essay

Understanding The Castles Of Illinois Cultural Studies Essay Hundreds of students enter the doors of Old Main everyday on their mission of succeeding in their college mathematics classes. Typically, these students call this building the castle. One of Eastern Illinois Universitys trademarks has become the silhouette of the Livingston C. Lord administration building, or the castle Old Main. Many students, and even professors, take this castle for granted. The intricate details and history behind this historical architectural building is overseen. Old Main, is one of five Illinois state colleges to house a building with all five having similar architecture. This architectural style derived from the former Illinois Governor John Altgeld who desired to make the state colleges of Illinois unique and refined. There are many rumors as to how the five Illinois state colleges compare to each other with their castle buildings. These rumors, or stories, try to explain the connection between the five castle buildings from the Illinois state schools. One rumor revolves around the fact that all five castles can be put together to create one large castle. Although some believe that the hallways and corridors may be aligned in such a way that they fit perfectly together, there is no proof of such architectural planning. Another rumor is that the buildings came from a large castle; that these pieces were cut and send to each university where they now lay. This rumor has since been proven wrong. All five of the Illinois castles have an architectural structure that is influenced by Altgeld. However, not all of the castles were built by the same groups of architects. John Peter Altgeld was the 20th governor of the U.S. state of Illinois from 1893 until 1897 (Wikipedia). On top of being an Illinois governor, Altgeld had a large influence on Illinois architecture. John Altgeld believed that the typical public buildings did not look visually pleasing. He referred to their appearance as a relation to warehouses or shops (Frisbie, 6). In order to fix this appearance, Altgeld proposed new buildings with a Tudor-Gothic architectural style. The Tudor Gothic architectural style is a very intricate and detailed design. Battlements, towers, turrets, pointed arches, and label molds all are characteristics of the various Gothic revival styles (The Architecture of Easterns Old Main, 24). Using a naturalistic view, the buildings design revolves around nature. Looking closely at the details of the outside walls, one can see designs of leaves, flowers, and natural shapes carved into the walls and pillars. Another typical feature of this style is the tower. The tower is the section of the building which overlooks the other parts of the structure. It is typically two to three levels higher than the top floor. With the Tudor style, the doors and window are more narrow and smaller. Arches are also a major part of the gothic style. These arches are typically pointed and placed at main points of interest. Focusing on all of these aspects, we can note the distinct design in the five Illinois castles. Looking closely at these colleges c astles, we should see the natural design on the architecture as well as the great arches and towers. Out of the five Illinois state schools, two of the castles are not named after Governor Altgeld. At Eastern Illinois University, they named their Altgeld inspired building after their first president Livingston C. Lord. At Illinois State University, their Altgeld inspired building was once known as Altgelds Folly, but is now known as Cook Hall (Wikipedia). The other three state schools include Altgelds name within their buildings name. These schools include Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and Northern Illinois University at DeKalb. Each school has a different story and different mathematics behind them. We are going to focus mainly on Eastern Illinois Universitys building Old Main. However, we will cover the basic history behind each of the other four state schools buildings. Old Main was the first building to be build for Eastern Illinois University. Therefore, before the construction of Old Main there was a lot of action that led to its distinct architecture. Before Eastern Illinois University was even built, there was a large competition between where the new state school would be located. Governor John Peter Altgeld helped create this new state school by signing the act of the Illinois General Assembly which appropriated $50,000 for the establishment of Eastern Illinois State Normal School (The Architecture of Easterns Old Main, 7). The contest to become the seat of the new normal school began with Mattoon, Paris, Danville, Shelbyville, Effingham, Kansas, Tuscola, Charleston, and more (The Architecture of Easterns Old Main, 8). A normal school is meant to train teachers how to perform the correct process of teaching. Not too long after Eastern Illinois State Normal School became a normal school, the schools name changed to Eastern Illinois State Colle ge in 1947. Then in 1957, the school changed its name for the final time to Eastern Illinois University (The Architecture of Easterns Old Main, 20). This is the name it has been ever since. Eastern Illinois University was built in Charleston for one main reason. Charleston offered a great deal to the university if the campus was build within two miles of the Coles County courthouse. Then the city donated 40 acres of land, $35,000 to $45,000 dollars to the school, city water, 4 fire hydrants, and supply the school with water for fifty years at five dollars a year (The Architecture of Easterns Old Main, 9). Any person would conclude that this was a great deal. The city also offered other amenities to help in the construction process. On September 7, 1895, Charleston was officially accepted as the site for Eastern Illinois State Normal School (The Architecture of Easterns Old Main, 9). The forty acres resided on the site known as Bishop Woods and the plans for their first building began. These plans took a few years to develop. Altgeld did not approve of the first plan for the new building, because it did not resemble the Tudor-Gothic architecture. Then in the spring of 18 96, the plan for the first building was approved and lined out by the Chicago firm of Angus and Gindele (The Architecture of Easterns Old Main, 11). Altgeld is known to have an influence on Old Main by requesting the architects that specialize in the Tudor-Gothic style. The first stone of the brick and limestone edifice was laid on April 11, 1896 (The Architecture of Easterns Old Main, 11). Figure 1 (EIU)- from Wikipedia The final decision on Old Mains structure is not on record. When Angus and Gindele brought the final architectural plan to the site, they noted that there were changes that need to be made with the porch, main tower, and walls ( The Architecture of Easterns Old Main, 31). Within the drawings, there was a more detailed roofline which is not seen on the building. At this time, the project acquired a new architect, Charles Ward Rapp of Chicago (The Architecture of Easterns Old Main, 31). Charles had previously designed Altgeld Hall for Southern Illinois Normal University. The final, and current, building Old Main can be seen in figure 1. There is disagreement that Altgeld had a role in designing Old Main, but he definitely had an influence on the buildings style. He was the one to suggest the style, approve the layout, and approve the structure that would remain on the forty acres. In Altgelds second biennial message to the Illinois legislature he stated, After an examination of the subject I became satisfied that the most inexpensive, as well as the most impressive architectural style of buildings that are to stand alone in a grove, or in a field, is what has been called the Tudor-Gothic styleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ This style has consequently been adopted in most buildings that have been erected in the last two years, and is found to be very effective (The Architecture of Easterns Old Main, 12). This speech led to believe that Altgeld not only found an inexpensive way to create buildings with state schools, but to also have these buildings be visually beautiful. Old Main, is now described as a three-story, normal style, building of brick and limestone construction (Winkleblack, 23). It houses the department of admissions as well as the mathematics and computer science courses. Figure 2 from history of EIUs Old Main webpage Tudor-Gothic architectural style can be seen in both Old Main, Pemberton Hall, and Booth Library located on the Eastern Illinois University campus. This type of architectural style was used with the early to mid 1900s. Within Old Main one can note the large ceilings, arches, tall door frames, and naturalistic details. As seen in figure 2, Old Mains original design was very intricate. Currently, the first, the second, and the third floors are open to students for mathematics classes and administrative purposes. However, around 1920 the fifth floor of Old Mains tower was used as storage for library books and part of a hallway for a reading room (Booth Library, 6). Currently the tower is closed off to the students and public. Altgelds influence not only affected Eastern Illinois Universitys Old Main architecture, but he also influenced more state schools buildings. A total of five Illinois state schools host a building with the Tudor-Gothic architecture influenced by John Altgeld. Each school has their own story of how their part of the Altgelds castle came to be. The current five Illinois castles are said to all resemble the Tudor-Gothic architectural style and are all fireproofed in order to preserve their structure. Many of these castles have already been renovated to keep them from deteriorating. Figure 3 (SIU) from Wikipedia Just before Eastern Illinois Universitys Old Main was build, Southern Illinois University was planning on recreating their first building with Altgelds Tudor-Gothic architectural style. When Southern Illinois University first opened as a state school, their first building was dedicated on the opening day of July 1, 1874 (Lentz, 18). Their first buildings architecture resembled the Romaic-Gothic style. Its length from north to south was 215 feet and projecting to the front and rear was 109 feet with the side wings (Lentz, 18). This building was burnt down in a fire during the year of 1883. However, this buildings foundation was used to rebuild the facility with Altgelds inspired castle structure. In 1895, the rebuilding campaign went forward with the cordial support of the Altgeld Administration (Lentz, 56). This new building, which can be seen in figure 3, formerly entitled Altgeld Hall is now used primarily for the science courses at Southern Illinois University. This buildings formal name of Altgeld Hall, is said to describe the style of buildings constructed during the Altgeld period. Since then, this building has gone under two renovations to help preserve its structure and artistic style. Figure 4 (NIU) from Wikipedia The construction of Northern Illinois University first began in 1895. Governor John Altgeld signed the legislation which jump started the creation of Northern Illinois University. To commemorate this gesture, the first building build on the Northern Illinois University campus was entitled Altgeld Hall but was informally known as the Castle on the Hill (Wikipedia). Altgeld Hall can be seen in figure 4. The construction of this first building took just over four Figure 4 (NIU) from Wikipediayears to complete. Again, since Governor Altgeld wanted all of the state schools to be unified with the Tudor-Gothic architecture, this building was built with this style in mind. This first building was the main component of Northern Illinois University for quite some time. When Altgeld Hall first opened, it housed the entire university. It was classroom, boardroom, library, gymnasium, administrative office building, and lecture hall. It housed chemical and physical laboratories, executive offices, a 1,200 seat auditorium , biology labs, a study hall, a museum, classrooms, a manual training shop, an independent water system, and finally a dynamo for light and power (wikipedia). In 1999, this building went under a five year renovation to update its structure from deterioration. Currently this building is served as a house for administrative purposes and technology teaching laboratories. Figure 5 (U of I) from Wikipedia In 1897, architects Nathan Clifford Ricker and James White completed the fourth edition to the castle-style buildings constructed under the order of Governor John Peter Altgeld (Wikipedia). This fourth Altgeld castle belongs to the University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign. Although Altgeld preferred the Tudor-Gothic style of architecture, the castle at University of Illinois has more of a Romanesque style. (As seen in Figure 5) The reason this state school chose the Romanesque style was based on their weather conditions. This castle had many names and purposes. It was first known as the University Library, then the Law Building, and finally named Altgeld Hall. In 1998, an effort was under way to complete a major carillon for the 132 foot tall bell tower (Frisbie, 6). This building currently resides the mathematics department and mathematics library. Figure 6 (ISU) from Wikipedia The last of the five castles was to begin its construction during the panic of 1893. This building was to be constructed in the already existing campus of Illinois State University. Because of the scarce times, the construction was postponed. While this building was being postponed, two additional buildings were constructed. Then in 1955 the construction for the fifth castle began and the building was completed on September of 1956 (Marshall, 8). This building was made with Bedford limestone and was built to be fireproof. Since it was fireproof, this building became Illinois State Universitys library. This new building was named after the schools fourth president, Jesse Williston Cook. Cook Hall, was later turned into the schools gymnasium. This building is also known as the Old Castle, The Gymnasium, and Altgelds Folly (ISU). Currently, Cook Hall is home to the musical department and can be seen in figure 6. Altgeld wanted to unify the Illinois state schools in a distinct way. He encouraged each state school to build their first, or main, building in the Tudor-Gothic style. He believed this style demonstrated refinement as well as aesthetically pleasing to the viewers of these campuses. Altgeld buildings were an expression of the former governors determination that a first-class education be available to all state residents (Frisbie, 6) Since Altgeld helped sign the legislature to build most of these campuses, these state school on thought it right to name their buildings after Altgeld himself. Currently, almost all of these five structures are the oldest buildings on the state campuses. Out of the five state schools to host part of the Altgelds caste, three have, or currently, house the mathematics department. It seems only correct for the mathematics department to reside in the most historical and architecturally intricate buildings on the state campuses.

Halloween: Family fun or Satan’s Playground? Essay -- Halloween Argume

Okay, I admit this time of year is a guilty pleasure of mine, with the changing of the seasons. The crisp cool days and evenings let you cook hearty healthy meals that fill the home with such sumptuous, delicious smells. It’s the time of year for hot apple cider, pumpkins and families that get together. Harvest time used to be a time when all the hard work of the year was being stored up for the long cold months of winter. We recently had the pleasure of hearing: â€Å"Trick or treat, smell my feet, give me something good to eat.† Why do we say this? Where did this tradition come from? What is the reason for our dressing up, and the pumpkins that we carve? Who originally came up with this celebration and why? Let’s not forget the all-important slasher movies and TV specials. Although many people feel Halloween is not a holiday and should not be celebrated, I believe it is a holiday, because it is steeped in tradition, truly an American holiday, and a social revelry of merriment that everyone can enjoy. Murray Hope explains on Joelle's Sacred Grove Entrance website, that this ancient holiday celebration began with the Celts (people of Ireland, Scotland, Wales and England) approximately in the 5th century BCE. After the occupation of the British Isle’s many of the Roman pagan ways were added to this celebration such as their Goddess of harvest, Pomona whose sacred fruit is the apple. It is believed that this is why we celebrate the festivities with apple cider, bobbing for apples and candy apples (Wolf). This all lasted until Christianity decided to convert all pagans, and incorporated many of their holidays into the churches calendar. Pope Gregory IV was the first to try combining pagan ways within the Church so he crea... ...ngest Holidays." Suite101.com: Online Magazine and Writers' Network. 28 Sept. 2007. Web. October 8, 2010. Schaadt, Robert L. "Bats and Halloween - The Vindicator: News." The Vindicator: The Oldest Continuously Printing News Source in South Liberty County since 1887. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. "Should Christians Participate in Halloween? - ChristianAnswers.Net." Christian Answers ® Networkâ„ ¢ (ChristianAnswers.Net): Multilingual Answers, Reviews, Ministry Resources, and More! [Home]. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. Skal, David J. Death Makes a Holiday. New York: Bloomsbury, 2002. Print. "Unusual Pumpkin Facts." Pumpkin Patch - Everything You Ever Wanted To Know About Pumpkins! Web. October 8, 2010. Wolf, Spring. "The Pagan's Path ~ Witchcraft & Shamanism - The History Of Samhain / Halloween." The Pagan's Path ~ Education Network. 13 Oct. 2009. Web. October 8, 2010.

Marriage Imprisons Essay

Lectric Law Library defines marriage as, â€Å"A contract made in due form of law, by which a free man and a free woman reciprocally engage to live with each other during their joint lives, in the union which ought to exist between husband and wife. By the terms freeman and freewoman in this definition are meant, not only that they are free and not slaves, but also that they are clear of all bars to a lawful marriage† (â€Å"Marriage†). Unfortunately, this written definition doesn’t always seem to be working in everyday life. In the short stories, The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin, An Adventure in Paris by Guy de Maupassant and The Secret Life of Walter Mitty by James Thurber, a reader may find many examples that demonstrate how marriage imprisons people. In the vey first sentence in The Story of an Hour a reader finds out that the main character, Louise has heart trouble and may not be able to handle shock or surprise. At the same time, her heart problems symbolize her heartbreak over her role in life. From almost the beginning, the reader is given a clue that Louise has wanted to free herself from her marriage. Mrs. Mallard reacts to the news about her husband’s death with â€Å"sudden, wild abandonment† and locks herself in her bedroom (Chopin 123). The narrator notes that her reaction is not usual for a woman who has just lost her husband. She does not feel paralyzed or unable to accept his fate. She is able to quickly abandon her role as a wife. Ironically, her husband’s death makes Louise to feel alive for the first time. The author describes the beautiful change from winter to spring. The new season is a symbol of the transformation of Louise’s character. The open widow symbolizes all the possibilities that are now available to her. The story’s springtime setting also symbolizes her rebirth as an independent person. Now that her husband is dead, she will be free to assert herself in ways she never before dreamed while she was married. She states that she had loved her husband sometimes, but that now she would be â€Å"Free! Body and soul free!† (Chopin 124). The major irony of the story comes with the surprise at the end. Louise thought her freedom would come from her husband’s death. Instead, she gains freedom from his domination only in her own death after she finds out he’s alive. Unfortunately, long fee life she imagined lasted just for an hour. Another great example of imprisoned by marriage woman is the main character of An Adventure in Paris by Guy De Maupassant. In the story the author reveals a story of a married woman who has spent a great portion of her life at home raising her two children. Obviously, she neither had the chance to experience much excitement nor adventure through these years. Thus, â€Å"she felt that she was growing old without having known life† (De Maupassant 512). She often thought of the exciting life of Paris, wishing to free herself from the dull life she led, and to get the chance to experience some pleasure on her own. One day, she finds a pretext to get out of the house and goes â€Å"for a journey to Paris† (De Maupassant 512). She meets a well-know man, Jean Varin who shows her the way he lives in Paris. They go together for a walk, for a dinner, she even stays at his house for the night. Unfortunately, all she experiences next to his side is nothing comparing to what she dreamed of. She realizes that those well-known men in Paris aren’t any different than her own husband. Just like her husband Varin snores and sleeps on his back. Lying next to Varin in bed, she was â€Å"heartbroken† (De Maupassant 515). Surprisingly through out the story a narrator never reveals the woman’s name, she is referred to the reader as a â€Å"she† (De Maupassant 512). This is not an accident of a narrative. De Maupassant shows that while the woman is married, she cease to exist as her own person. The woman is simply controlled and imprisoned by her family and all the responsibilities as a mother and wife. In contrast, The Secret Life of Walter Mitty by James Thurber illustrates that not only women may experience a feeling of being imprisoned by marriage. The main character in the story, Walter Mitty is fully controlled by his wife and seems to be unable to stand up for himself. Mitty is trapped in a world that is full of dull responsibilities and offers few possibilities for adventure. He spends much of his time escaping into fantasies in which it is him who is in control, and in which his life is full of excitement and adventure. Mitty dreams of flying planes in hazardous conditions and causing scenes in courtrooms, but his life consists of buying overshoes and waiting for his wife to have her hair done. His wife obviously worries about Walter’s health and welfare; she observes that he is nervous, suggests a visit to a doctor, notes that she intends to check his temperature when they return home, and reminds him to wear his gloves and buy overshoes. Unfortunately, at the same time she is breaking the spirit of the man in his life which makes him feel imprisoned. Mitty keeps escaping into fantasies to forget at least for few minutes about his miserable life. Many people recognize marriage with happiness and joyful life. Unfortunately, as we learn from the three stories above, married people often find their life more dull than enjoyable. Lack of excitement and pleasures in marriage, make spouses’ life unhappy and that’s why they often look for a way to escape from it. Thus, in reality marriage differs from its written definition and in fact imprisons people. Works Cited Baush, Richard and R.V. Cassill, eds. The Norton Anthology of Short Fiction. New York: Norton, 2006. Chopin, Kate. â€Å"The Story of an Hour.† Baush and Cassil123- 125. De Maupassant, Guy. â€Å"An Adventure in Paris.† Baush and Cassil 511- 516. â€Å"Marriage.† The ‘Lectric Law Library’s Lexicon On. 2007. Lectric Law Library.15 Nov 2007. Thurber, James. â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty.† Baush and Cassill 720- 724.

My Professional Moral Compass Essay Essay Example

My Professional Moral Compass Essay Essay Example My Professional Moral Compass Essay Essay My Professional Moral Compass Essay Essay The codification of moralss is an of import portion of the nursing foundation where nurses are directed to pattern with compassion and regard for human self-respect. duty. answerability. confidentiality and patient safety ( ANA. 2012 ) . Nurses are expected to follow this professional ethical motives and values but besides to pattern their ain personal criterions as good. Valuess are one’s cardinal beliefs acquired from childhood through household and society. Ethical motives are values that attribute to a system of beliefs. Ethical motives is the ability to do right and incorrect determination based on adopted ethical motives ( Navran F. J. . 2010 ) . Every homo is shaped harmonizing to their civilization. religious and single values that were instilled upon them by their household and community and in the nursing universe. one nurses’ beliefs may differ from how others may pattern nursing and manage ethical quandary. The civilization this writer grew up on expects the younger coevals to be respectful. compassionate. responsible and be accountable for ain errors. This writer believes that every homo is entitled to hold the same equal intervention without bias. These features shaped this author’s personal beliefs that as a nurse. this writer has an duty to the patients to supply them with such respect. Nurses are ever impelled to give the best quality attention to their patients and turn to all their concerns. This writer feels responsible to maintain patient safe. secured and comfy at all times and maintaining them informed sing their interventions and status along the manner. Religious value has ever been a disputing subject outside health care but this writer learned that when a patient is in a hard state of affairs. beliefs could be set aside to happen the best solution for the patient. There has been many contentions sing blood transfusion and Jehovah Witness faith and as a nurse. this writer do non experience that it is appropriate to interfere with a patient’s determination if they opted to follow their religious duty regardless of life and decease state of affairs. Every homo has their ain personal beliefs and ain values which forms over their life-time by analysis of their ain observation. Nursing as a profession symbolizes many values such as honestness. duty. supplying attention to patients every bit and with self-respect ( Gokenbach. 2012 ) . The duty every nurse has in the society and their patient is to supply the attention they are entitled and esteem their wants to the best of their ability. Patients give their trust to their health professional that they are having proper attention. safe interventions and right medicines. This writer believes that nurses have a moral duty to be impartial with every patient that they encounter and to supply the same courtesy even with a hard patient. For case. when there is a patient who complains of hurting at all times and the studies from other nurses provinces that the patient is a hurting medicine searcher. this writer will non unfit the patient’s ailments and still supply the proper attenti on and interventions needed and ordered by the doctor. But this is a quandary that can besides put a nurse in a hard state of affairs since nurses are obligated to handle subjective hurting ailments but finds this to be insecure as it may take to trouble dependence. Harmonizing to CDC. Drug overdose has been mounting since 1990 and most of the deceases connected to it were prescription drugs. When nurses are faced with this quandary. the most ethical thing to make is to educate the patient on the hazards. supervise the consequence of the hurting medicine and offer pain direction plans for their ain safety. Ethical quandary provide a great sum of emphasis and anxiousness to nurses. which can impact how they are able to supply safest attention to their patients. One of the biggest ethical quandary that this writer face in mundane pattern is how physicians do non give adequate clip for their patients because of the sums of patients they are to see in a given twenty-four hours. This writer has encountered physicians who are non wholly measuring their patients when they round and do non hold the best bedside mode since they are ever in a haste. Many of the ailments received from patients were that physicians leave their room so fast and were unable to inquire any inquiries related to their attention. It puts nurses in a really hard state of affairs since nurses are non able to react to patients with all honestness when being asked about the doctor’s makings. How do you explicate to the patient that a profitable company means protecting the people who bring in the net income and ignoring the fact that the patients are non acquiring what they deserve and the attention that they need in the first topographic point. Bing that patients is this writers precedence. this writer continues to recommend for them by talking with their physicians and other health care members connected with their attention to happen solution and replies. This writer persevere in doing healthcare direction aware of the state of affairss affecting patient dissatisfactions with their physicians and trusting that it will one twenty-four hours be resolved. This author’s professional moral compass compels this writer to supply the best attention in a responsible. dependable. honest and compassionate manner. Although faced with mundane quandary in nursing pattern. the values this writer has learned from nursing pattern is what motivates this writer to go on making the right thing by staying responsible. accountable. respectful and maintaining patients safe. The mundane experience this writer has gained from these quandary is what provides strength and cognition in happening the way this writer wanted to take. Mention:American Nurses Association: Nursing World ( 2012 ) . Code of Ethics for Nurses. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. nursingworld. org/MainMenuCategories/EthicsStandards/CodeofEthicsforNurses Navran. F. J. ( 2010 ) . Specifying Values. Ethical motives. and Ethics. Palm Coast. Florida. USA. Gokenbach. V. . ( 2012 ) Nurse Together. Professionalism in Nursing: What Does it Really Mean? hypertext transfer protocol: //www. nursetogether. com/Career/Career-Article/itemId/2245/Professionalism-in-Nursing-What-does-this-really- . aspx Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( 2012 ) Policy Impact: Prescription Analgesics. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. gov/homeandrecreationalsafety/rxbrief/ My Nursing EthicComplete the inquiries below.Passion: Why am I here? Nursing profession accomplished my end to cognize the existent me. It gave me the chance to size up my strength. forbearance. and compassion when caring for different types of people in different state of affairss. The pride that I feel when I tell others of my profession radiates on me. Bing able to salvage lives everyday is a fantastic feeling. The contentment I feel when I discharge a patient place after being in a infirmary for a long clip and the joy on their faces as I manus over their discharge documents is invaluable. Motivation: What moves me to move? My household is my motive to supply the best attention and dainty every patient as portion of my household. New diseases and unwellnesss are being detected everyday without any remedy and this quandary motivates me to be more argus-eyed in maintaining my patients safe. I am motivated by other nurses who continuous to lift to the occasions when needed. such as making policies for a better and safer workplace. research findings that affects 1000000s of people. and doing a difference on life of their patients through proper attention. Inspiration: What keeps me in gesture? There are many people who inspire me to make better as a individual. My household who has supported me of all time since gives me the most inspiration of all. My household migrated here from the Philippines and reconstruct our life through difficult work. Every member contributed to carry through our dreams of doing it here in the United States and go a good citizen. One peculiar individual who inspired me is my ma who held the household together through midst or thin. She is the individual who softly finds solution to every quandary that we went through and still able to happen clip to transfuse good values to her kids. Loyalty: Whom do I function? My trueness lies to my community. patients and my household. My household is a great beginning of who I am as a individual and the positive attitude I have extends to my patients and my community. I wanted to handle my patients the manner my household or I would wish to be treated. I am ever on the expression out for things go oning around me to maintain my community safe.

Lester Thurow lecture essays

Lester Thurow lecture essays The Economic Game of Our Era: U.S. Dominance Approaching to the 21st century, world economy becomes more and more global. In todays life, several parts of an item can be made in different countries and unified to produce an output. Realize a laptop whose processor is made in U.S, by Intel, whose screen is coming from Japan, Toshiba, and whose other various parts are coming either from Taiwan or from Korea. Lester C. Thurow, a professor of economics and management at the M.I.T, and the writer of the book Building Wealth, considers this era as being the third industrial revolution. He claims that this one differs from the former two industrial revolutions, in a way that the first two revolutions were based on the capital and land. However, the third revolution is based on the technological improvements such as computers, robots etc., and knowledge. In the second revolution that created national economy, the main idea was the German Systematic Industrial Research, research of land and capital. On the other hand, electricity that was invented during this era, created the modern life. The third one has created global economy. In each industrial revolution there had been a dominant country that leaded to the world economy. In the first revolution, the British leaded to that era. In the second one, the dominant country had been Germany above the British. And finally, in the late 20th century, U.S. emerged as a world power in the last industrial revolution. The questions to be asked are: How did U.S become the best in the industrial world and what are the evidences of this strong dominance? . The success of U.S. in the industrial world originates from countrys generic structure and ability to balance control and chaos side. To begin with, America is making the entrepreneurial jobs very well and this aspect allows U.S to play the game of shutting-down and ...

The Philosophy of Manifest Destiny Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Philosophy of Manifest Destiny - Essay Example It was the driving force behind the fast growth of America from west to east. The idea of Manifest Destiny was promoted in newspapers and other media. In political circles, the Manifest Destiny meant that the American government was destined to launch uninterrupted political influence traversing the entire North American continent. The American people used it to extend political control over frontier lands hence taking control of European powers and Native Americans. The idea of manifest destiny also involved a component of religion. The first puritans inhabited New England and had a feeling that God had â€Å"destined† them to establish a religious, political and moral country. Although the philosophy of manifest destiny has become history, the sense of purpose associated with it has persisted in the American society. Similarly, a strong secular element of its vestiges has a principle of American foreign policy. Though manifest destiny marks a past era in the history of Ameri ca it is perceived as the main cause of imperialism in America today. How the Ideas of Manifest Destiny Reflect Certain Racial attitudes Prevalent in the Country in the Mid 19th Century Racism is considered to be a modern idea. The first traces of racism began in America with the establishment of the race-based slave system. The ideas of manifest destiny and the white man’s burden, both capture the notion of racial differences and civilization. In respect of Manifest Destiny, the notion of racial inferiority has been institutionalized in the laws and government policies. As a result, racial definitions have also changed with time (University Microfilms International 34). The idea of Manifest Destiny, which initially had seemed holy, came to be proved as more of a bomb wrapped in Idealism. This is because it later sparked a lot of concern among the Americans. For instance, the manifest destiny had stern results for the American Indians as continental expansion targeted the Nat ive Americans who were to occupy the land. The Indians were encouraged to sell their land to the Native Americans and become civilized. This meant pushing away Indians who were not supposed to live like the whites. During the Manifest Destiny period, the idea of Indians selling their land referred to as Indian removal, became more prominent. Hence, the racial rhetoric went high during the manifest destiny era and it was explained by Francis Parkman. Parkman acknowledged that the Indians’destiny was to melt and disappear before the expanding waves of Anglo-American power which went unchanged and unopposed. Why Tension Increased Between the American Settlers in Texas and the Mexican Government Texas was originally Spanish land which borders the United States. It had few Spanish settlers despite it being colonized by the Spanish. Tejanos were the most popular in that land and they were the first people to live in Texas. Stephen Austin, who was a bankrupt miner, was granted permi ssion by the Spanish to establish a colony in Texas. Soon after Austin reached Texas, Mexico became independent leading to Austin’s initial colony becoming worthless. He later asked for land from the Mexicans and was given it on condition that its settlers were to become Mexican citizens and Catholics as well.  Ã‚  

NEW ECONOMIC POWERS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

NEW ECONOMIC POWERS - Assignment Example These are some of the most sought after names in the business world, and since their populations are dense, they are able to come ahead with little ease as a great amount of cheap labor is available - this allows China, India and Brazil to depict success. Export orientation definitely depends on a nation’s stage of development since it suggests the kind of imports coming in and exports going out of its shores (Sibanda, 2011). However, this requires a great amount of persistence and effort by the governments of these countries because they are the ones who decide the relevant course of action that has to be adopted within these lands. In essence, these countries are doing all that they can to make sure that their economic progress comes about in an easy manner, without much difficulty (Quer, 2010). Export orientation is inherently a powerful approach because it sets the ball rolling for bringing an upheaval within the economic settings and allows the people to understand that t hey must connect globally rather than remaining locally